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1. Use of Artificial Intelligence
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Authors may use AI-assisted tools for language editing, grammar correction, spelling, or improving the readability of their manuscripts. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and scientific validity of the manuscript. The use of AI tools does not diminish the authors' responsibility for the content of the work. The use of AI to generate manuscript text or fabricate, falsify, or manipulate research data is strictly prohibited.
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2. Disclosure of AI Use
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Any substantial use of AI tools in the preparation of a manuscript must be disclosed by submitting an AI Disclosure Statement at the time of manuscript submission.
The disclosure statement should be included at the end of the manuscript, immediately before the References, under the heading "Declaration of AI and AI-Assisted Technologies in the Writing Process." This statement will be published as part of the article.
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Authors should specify:
- - The name of the AI tool(s) used;
- - The purpose for which the AI tool(s) were used; and
- - The extent of human oversight, verification, and revision.
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The use of AI-assisted tools solely for basic grammar, spelling, punctuation correction, language editing, formatting, or translation does not require disclosure.
If AI tools are used for research-related activities, including but not limited to data analysis, interpretation, image generation, coding, or other substantive scientific tasks, such use must be appropriately disclosed and described in sufficient detail in the relevant section of the manuscript (e.g., the Methods section).
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3. Authorship
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Artificial intelligence systems (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Copilot, or similar AI tools) do not meet the criteria for authorship and must not be listed as authors. Authors are solely responsible for the content of their manuscripts.
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4. For Reviewers
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- - Manuscripts, peer review reports, and related confidential materials must not be uploaded to publicly accessible AI tools or services.
- - Peer review requires independent human judgment and must not be delegated to artificial intelligence (AI) systems.
- - Reviewers are solely responsible for the accuracy, objectivity, and integrity of their evaluations and recommendations.
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4. For Editors
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- - Manuscripts, editorial correspondence, and decision letters must not be processed or uploaded using publicly accessible AI tools or services.
- - Editorial decisions require independent human judgment and must not be delegated to AI systems.
- - Editors should report any suspected violations of the journal's AI policy in accordance with the journal's editorial and publication ethics procedures.
